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Monday, July 16, 2012

Pelafalan mandarin (Chinese pronunciation) 发音【fā yīn】2.

Teknik pelafalan (pronunciation method) 声母的发音方法:

1. Cara menghambat:
       suara plosif: rapatkan bibir kita, lalu keluarin. Cth: “b,p,d,t,g,k”.
       suara desis: ada celah di mulut, lalu keluarkan. Cth: “f,h,x,sh,r,s”.
       suara plosif desah: rapatkan bibir kita, buat celah, lalu keluarkan. Cth: “j,q,zh,ch,z,c”.
       suara hidung: mulut tertutup, hidung dibuka. Cth: “m,n”.
       suara lateral: ujung lidah diangkat, mulut melebar. Cth: “l”.
2. pita suara bergetar atau tidak:
       Suara gema: waktu bersuara, pita suara bergetar. Cth: “m,n,l,r”.
       Suara jernih: pita suara tidak bergetar. Selain suara gema, semuanya adalah termasuk suara jernih.
3. kuat lemahnya nafas:
       Suara aspirasi: waktu mengeluarkan suara, hembusan nafasnya kuat. Cth: “p,t,k,q,ch,c”.
       Suara non aspriasi: waktu mengeluarkan suara hembusan nafasnya lemah atau nyaris tidak ada. Cth: “b,d,g,j,zh,z”.



1. impede method:
       Plosive sound: first button our lips and then let it burst. Ex: “b,p,d,t,g,k”.
       Assibilant sound: leave a gap in mouth, then squeeze out. Ex: “f,h,x,sh,r,s”.
       Plosive with assibilant sound: first button our lips, leave a gap and then squeeze out. Ex: “j,q,zh,ch,z,c”.
       Nasal sound: button our lips and then open our nose. Ex: “m,n”.
       Lateral sound: ris
e our tongue tip and then spread our lips. Ex: “l”.



2. vocal cords vibrate or not:
       Resonance sound: vocal cords vibrate. Ex: “m,n,l,r”.
       Clear sound: vocal cords not vibrate. Except the resonance sound, the other is the clear sound.
3. the strength of the breath:
       Aspirated sound: at pronunciation will use a strong breath. Ex: “p,t,k,q,ch,c”.
       Unaspirated sound: at pronunciation will use a weak breath or almost nil. Ex: “b,d,g,j,zh,z”.


1. 阻碍的方式:
       塞音【sè yīn        :先闭嘴,后冲破。如:“bpdtgk”。
       擦音【cā yīn        :留缝隙,挤出来。如:“fhxshrs”。
       赛擦音【sè cā yīn      :先闭嘴,后留缝,再挤出。如:“jqzhchzc”。
       鼻音【bí yīn         :口闭合,鼻打开。如:“mn”。
       边音【biān yīn     :舌尖起,两边走。如:“l”。
2. 声带是否震动:
       浊音【zhuó yīn   :发音时声带颤动。如:“mnlr”。
       清音【qīng yīn     :发音时声带不颤动。浊音意外的其余都是清音。
3. 气流的强弱:
       送气音【sòng qì yīn  :发音时气流相对较强。如:“ptkqchc”。
       不送气音【bù sòng qì yīn】:发音时气流相对较弱。如:“bdgjzhz”。

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